Go / no go for deep skyGo / no go for deep sky imaging
What to photograph in January
12 deep-sky targets are at their best in January, meaning they cross the middle of the sky around midnight, plus 45 more that are still well placed in the evening or before dawn. Good first picks: Beehive Cluster, M48, M47.
Lists are written for around 35°N, like the southern United States, southern Europe or Japan. The months work for both hemispheres, but southern observers will find northern targets low and southern ones high: each target page shows how high it climbs from your latitude. The best nights are around the new Moon, so check the dark sky calendar.
At their best in January
- Beehive ClusterBeginnerM44 · open cluster · Cancer · 1.6°
The Beehive Cluster, also known as Praesepe, is one of the nearest open clusters, visible to the naked eye as a hazy patch in Cancer.
- M48Beginneropen cluster · Hydra · 54′
M48 is a large, bright open cluster in Hydra.
- M47Beginneropen cluster · Puppis · 30′
M47 is a bright, loose open cluster in Puppis, just west of M46.
- King Cobra ClusterBeginnerM67 · open cluster · Cancer · 30′
M67 is one of the oldest known open clusters, around four billion years old, which is why it has survived when most open clusters have drifted apart.
- M35Beginneropen cluster · Gemini · 28′
M35 is a large, rich open cluster in Gemini, with a smaller, more distant cluster, NGC 2158, sitting right beside it.
- Salt-and-Pepper ClusterBeginnerM37 · open cluster · Auriga · 24′
M37 is the richest of the three Auriga open clusters, with thousands of faint stars giving it a salt-and-pepper look.
- Rosette NebulaIntermediateNGC 2237 · emission nebula · Monoceros · 1.3°
The Rosette Nebula is a ring of glowing hydrogen around a young cluster, NGC 2244, in Monoceros.
- M46Intermediateopen cluster · Puppis · 27′
M46 is a rich, fairly faint open cluster in Puppis with a small planetary nebula, NGC 2438, that appears to lie inside it, though it is actually in front.
- Cone Nebula / Christmas Tree ClusterIntermediateNGC 2264 · open cluster · Monoceros · 20′
The Cone Nebula and the Christmas Tree Cluster are part of a large star-forming region in Monoceros.
- Heart-Shaped ClusterIntermediateM50 · open cluster · Monoceros · 16′
M50, the Heart-Shaped Cluster, is a rich open cluster in Monoceros set against the Milky Way.
- NGC 2903Intermediatespiral galaxy · Leo · 12′
NGC 2903 is a large, bright barred spiral in Leo, often overlooked because it sits near the better-known Leo galaxies.
- Thor's HelmetIntermediateNGC 2359 · emission nebula · Canis Major · 8′
Thor's Helmet is an emission nebula in Canis Major shaped like a winged helmet, created by the strong wind of a Wolf-Rayet star at its center.
Also well placed
Past or approaching their peak, so higher in the evening or before dawn.
- Orion NebulaM42
- Little Beehive ClusterM41
- Starfish ClusterM38
- De Mairan's NebulaM43
- Pinwheel ClusterM36
- California NebulaNGC 1499
- PleiadesM45
- Flame NebulaNGC 2024
- Bode's GalaxyM81
- M93M93
- M106M106
- Needle GalaxyNGC 4565
- Hamburger GalaxyNGC 3628
- Whale GalaxyNGC 4631
- Cigar GalaxyM82
- M90M90
- M98M98
- Leo TripletM65
- M79M79
- M49M49
- M86M86
- Leo TripletM66
- Sombrero GalaxyM104
- M85M85
- M78M78
- Surfboard GalaxyM108
- M88M88
- M95M95
- M96M96
- M100M100
- M109M109
- Virgo AM87
- M58M58
- M61M61
- Crab NebulaM1
- M59M59
- M84M84
- M105M105
- Coma Pinwheel GalaxyM99
- M89M89
- Horsehead NebulaIC 434
- Embryo NebulaNGC 1333
- M91M91
- Antennae GalaxiesNGC 4038
- Owl NebulaM97